E-ISSN 3115-5057 | ISSN 3115-5049
 

Review Article
Online Published: 28 Jun 2025
 


IoT-Based Intelligent System for Real-Time Soil Nutrient Monitoring and Decision Support in Farming: Potential for Deployment in Rice Farming in Nigeria

Johnson Adegbenga Ajiboye, Abraham Usman Usman, Michael David, Nathaniel Salawu, Andrew Gana, Halidu Khalid Mohammed, Mary Adebola Ajiboye.


Abstract
This review paper presents a comprehensive examination of the design, potential implementation, and existing technological landscape of Internet of Things (IoT)-based intelligent soil nutrient monitoring systems for rice farming. While the paper presents a model contextualized for Niger State, its findings offer insights relevant to rice-producing regions across Nigeria. Rice farmers face significant challenges related to soil fertility management, often due to reliance on inefficient traditional methods. By reviewing recent developments in sensor integration, embedded systems, and cloud-based platforms, this paper explores how such technologies can be applied to provide continuous, real-time monitoring of essential soil parameters like nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P), potassium (K), pH, temperature, and moisture. The findings suggest that IoT-enabled systems, complemented by mobile applications and decision-support tools, offer a low-cost and scalable solution to enhance yield, optimize fertilizer use, and improve data-driven decision-making for small and medium-scale farmers. This paper aims to provide a state-of-the-art overview of current trends and contextualize the proposed system within the global and local technological ecosystem.

Key words: IoT in Agriculture, Precision Farming, Soil Nutrient Monitoring, Smart Farming, Rice Production, Nigeria, WSN, NPK Sensors


 
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How to Cite this Article
Pubmed Style

Ajiboye JA, Usman AU, David M, Salawu N, Gana A, Mohammed HK, Ajiboye MA. IoT-Based Intelligent System for Real-Time Soil Nutrient Monitoring and Decision Support in Farming: Potential for Deployment in Rice Farming in Nigeria. CUJOSTECH. 2025; 2(1): 126-134. doi:10.5455/CUJOSTECH.250415


Web Style

Ajiboye JA, Usman AU, David M, Salawu N, Gana A, Mohammed HK, Ajiboye MA. IoT-Based Intelligent System for Real-Time Soil Nutrient Monitoring and Decision Support in Farming: Potential for Deployment in Rice Farming in Nigeria. https://www.cujostech.com.ng/?mno=266461 [Access: June 22, 2026]. doi:10.5455/CUJOSTECH.250415


AMA (American Medical Association) Style

Ajiboye JA, Usman AU, David M, Salawu N, Gana A, Mohammed HK, Ajiboye MA. IoT-Based Intelligent System for Real-Time Soil Nutrient Monitoring and Decision Support in Farming: Potential for Deployment in Rice Farming in Nigeria. CUJOSTECH. 2025; 2(1): 126-134. doi:10.5455/CUJOSTECH.250415



Vancouver/ICMJE Style

Ajiboye JA, Usman AU, David M, Salawu N, Gana A, Mohammed HK, Ajiboye MA. IoT-Based Intelligent System for Real-Time Soil Nutrient Monitoring and Decision Support in Farming: Potential for Deployment in Rice Farming in Nigeria. CUJOSTECH. (2025), [cited June 22, 2026]; 2(1): 126-134. doi:10.5455/CUJOSTECH.250415



Harvard Style

Ajiboye, J. A., Usman, . A. U., David, . M., Salawu, . N., Gana, . A., Mohammed, . H. K. & Ajiboye, . M. A. (2025) IoT-Based Intelligent System for Real-Time Soil Nutrient Monitoring and Decision Support in Farming: Potential for Deployment in Rice Farming in Nigeria. CUJOSTECH, 2 (1), 126-134. doi:10.5455/CUJOSTECH.250415



Turabian Style

Ajiboye, Johnson Adegbenga, Abraham Usman Usman, Michael David, Nathaniel Salawu, Andrew Gana, Halidu Khalid Mohammed, and Mary Adebola Ajiboye. 2025. IoT-Based Intelligent System for Real-Time Soil Nutrient Monitoring and Decision Support in Farming: Potential for Deployment in Rice Farming in Nigeria. Confluence University Journal of Science and Technology, 2 (1), 126-134. doi:10.5455/CUJOSTECH.250415



Chicago Style

Ajiboye, Johnson Adegbenga, Abraham Usman Usman, Michael David, Nathaniel Salawu, Andrew Gana, Halidu Khalid Mohammed, and Mary Adebola Ajiboye. "IoT-Based Intelligent System for Real-Time Soil Nutrient Monitoring and Decision Support in Farming: Potential for Deployment in Rice Farming in Nigeria." Confluence University Journal of Science and Technology 2 (2025), 126-134. doi:10.5455/CUJOSTECH.250415



MLA (The Modern Language Association) Style

Ajiboye, Johnson Adegbenga, Abraham Usman Usman, Michael David, Nathaniel Salawu, Andrew Gana, Halidu Khalid Mohammed, and Mary Adebola Ajiboye. "IoT-Based Intelligent System for Real-Time Soil Nutrient Monitoring and Decision Support in Farming: Potential for Deployment in Rice Farming in Nigeria." Confluence University Journal of Science and Technology 2.1 (2025), 126-134. Print. doi:10.5455/CUJOSTECH.250415



APA (American Psychological Association) Style

Ajiboye, J. A., Usman, . A. U., David, . M., Salawu, . N., Gana, . A., Mohammed, . H. K. & Ajiboye, . M. A. (2025) IoT-Based Intelligent System for Real-Time Soil Nutrient Monitoring and Decision Support in Farming: Potential for Deployment in Rice Farming in Nigeria. Confluence University Journal of Science and Technology, 2 (1), 126-134. doi:10.5455/CUJOSTECH.250415